晁补之的一生行迹（1053-1110）
晁补之，字无咎，号归来子，济州巨野人，苏门四学士之一。文章宏丽，诗风高古，尤善词作，风格雄健豪迈。深受苏轼赏识，与黄庭坚、秦观、张耒并称。著有《鸡肋集》《晁氏琴趣外篇》，词风在婉约与豪放之间。
巨野（1053） · 巨野少时
宋仁宗皇祐五年，晁补之出生于济州巨野（今山东巨野），其家为名门望族，世代簪缨。晁氏一族在北宋文坛地位显赫，晁补之自幼耳濡目染，七岁能文，十三岁从师读经史，即显露出超群的文学才华。
开封（1075） · 苏门求学
宋神宗熙宁八年，晁补之携文章拜谒苏轼，苏轼读后大为赞赏，称其"文辞宏丽，有西汉之风"，从此收为门下弟子。晁补之与黄庭坚、秦观、张耒并称"苏门四学士"，常与苏轼诗酒唱和，切磋文章之道。
开封（1079） · 仕宦生涯
宋神宗元丰二年，晁补之进士及第，授澶州司户参军。同年苏轼因乌台诗案下狱，晁补之因师生关系受牵连，被外放为北京国子监教授。此次事件让晁补之深感政治之险恶，但并未动摇他对苏轼的敬仰之情。
开封（1086） · 仕宦生涯
宋哲宗元祐元年，旧党执政，晁补之被召回朝廷，任秘书省正字、著作佐郎等职。元祐年间是他仕途较为顺畅的时期，他与苏轼再度相聚京师，诗酒唱和，度过了数年难得的安宁时光。此间他创作了大量优秀词作。
齐州（1094） · 党争遭贬
宋哲宗绍圣元年，新党重新执政，晁补之因属苏门旧党被贬，出知齐州。在齐州任上，他虽遭贬谪却仍尽心政务，兴修水利，赈济灾民。他在济南大明湖畔留下许多诗篇，感慨仕途坎坷。
开封（1100） · 党争遭贬
宋哲宗元符三年，徽宗即位，欲调和新旧两党，晁补之被召回朝廷，任著作佐郎。然而好景不长，徽宗很快倒向新党，崇宁元年再行贬谪旧党，晁补之被列入元祐党人碑，削夺一切官职，外放监信州酒税。
金乡（1105） · 归隐金乡
宋徽宗崇宁四年，晁补之退居金乡（今山东金乡），在城东筑"归去来园"，取陶渊明《归去来兮辞》之意，自号"归来子"。他在园中种植花木，读书著述，过起了隐居生活，编成《鸡肋集》七十卷。
金乡（1110） · 归隐金乡
宋徽宗大观四年，晁补之病逝于金乡，享年五十八岁。他一生才华横溢却仕途坎坷，但无论身处何境，始终保持文人风骨。其词作兼具豪放与婉约之美，在宋词发展史上占有重要地位。张耒为其撰墓志铭，称其"文章之妙，当世莫能先"。
The Life Journey of Chao Buzhi of the Su School
Chao Buzhi (1053-1110), courtesy name Wujiu, art name Guilaizi, of Juye, was one of the Four Scholars of the Su School. Praised by Su Shi for prose 'with the manner of the Western Han,' he wrote ci of heroic breadth between the bold and the graceful, and left the Chicken-Rib Collection and the Chao Family Qin Pieces.
Timeline of the Journey
- 1053 · 巨野 — Born to the great Chao clan of Juye — a house of office for generations; composing at seven, a prodigy by thirteen.
- 1075 · 开封 — Presenting his essays to Su Shi, who marvelled — 'grand diction, the air of the Western Han' — and took him as disciple.
- 1079 · 开封 — A jinshi of 1079 — the year of the Crow Terrace case; his master imprisoned, he was exiled to teach in the north, his faith unshaken.
- 1086 · 开封 — Recalled under the Yuanyou regency to the Palace Library, years of wine and poems with Su Shi in the capital again.
- 1094 · 齐州 — Purged with the Su faction, Prefect of Qizhou — still dredging rivers and feeding the famine poor, and writing of Daming Lake.
- 1100 · 开封 — Briefly recalled by Huizong, then carved onto the Yuanyou Partisans' Stele and stripped of every post.
- 1105 · 金乡 — Retiring to Jinxiang he built the 'Return Garden' after Tao Yuanming's ode — planting willows, compiling the Chicken-Rib Collection.
- 1110 · 金乡 — Died at fifty-eight; Zhang Lei wrote his epitaph — "in the art of prose, none of the age came before him."
'I bought a pond-side acre, and planted it with willows.' Between the bold and the graceful, Chao Buzhi's ci opened ground the later masters walked; his life was the Su School's fate in miniature — brilliance, exile, and a garden at the end.
