晁补之的一生行迹（1053-1110）
晁补之，字无咎，号归来子，济州巨野人，苏门四学士之一。文章宏丽，诗风高古，尤善词作，风格雄健豪迈。深受苏轼赏识，与黄庭坚、秦观、张耒并称。著有《鸡肋集》《晁氏琴趣外篇》，词风在婉约与豪放之间。
巨野（1053） · 巨野少时
宋仁宗皇祐五年，晁补之出生于济州巨野（今山东巨野），其家为名门望族，世代簪缨。晁氏一族在北宋文坛地位显赫，晁补之自幼耳濡目染，七岁能文，十三岁从师读经史，即显露出超群的文学才华。
杭州（1072） · 苏门求学
宋神宗熙宁五年，晁补之随父宦游杭州，以少年之龄携所撰《钱塘七述》谒见通判苏轼。苏轼读罢大为叹赏，曰"吾可以搁笔矣"，从此收为门下弟子。晁补之与黄庭坚、秦观、张耒并称"苏门四学士"，常与苏轼诗酒唱和，切磋文章之道。
开封（1079） · 仕宦生涯
宋神宗元丰二年，晁补之进士及第，调澶州司户参军，后改北京国子监教授。同年苏轼因乌台诗案下狱，师生之谊自此成为他仕途沉浮的伏线。此次事件让晁补之深感政治之险恶，但并未动摇他对苏轼的敬仰之情。
开封（1086） · 仕宦生涯
宋哲宗元祐元年，旧党执政，晁补之被召回朝廷，任秘书省正字、著作佐郎等职。元祐年间是他仕途较为顺畅的时期，他与苏轼再度相聚京师，诗酒唱和，度过了数年难得的安宁时光。此间他创作了大量优秀词作。
齐州（1094） · 党争遭贬
宋哲宗绍圣元年，新党重新执政，晁补之因属苏门旧党被贬，出知齐州。在齐州任上，他虽遭贬谪却仍尽心政务，兴修水利，赈济灾民。他在济南大明湖畔留下许多诗篇，感慨仕途坎坷。
信州（1095） · 党争遭贬
宋哲宗绍圣二年前后，新党清算元祐旧臣，晁补之落职，贬监信州酒税。玉溪江上，青山红日、大江东注，他写下《迷神引》，一句"自悔儒冠误"道尽迁谪之慨。元符三年（1100）徽宗即位，他一度召还为著作佐郎，然崇宁元年（1102）被列入元祐党人碑，削夺官职，免官归里。
金乡（1102） · 归隐金乡
宋徽宗崇宁元年，晁补之退居金乡（今山东金乡），在城东筑"归去来园"，取陶渊明《归去来兮辞》之意，自号"归来子"。他在园中种植花木，读书著述，过起了隐居生活，编成《鸡肋集》七十卷。
泗州（1110） · 归去来兮
宋徽宗大观四年，晁补之复出知泗州。中秋之夜，他登城对月，写下绝笔词《洞仙歌·泗州中秋》，不久病逝于泗州官舍，享年五十八岁。他一生才华横溢却仕途坎坷，但无论身处何境，始终保持文人风骨。其词作兼具豪放与婉约之美，在宋词发展史上占有重要地位。张耒为其撰《晁无咎墓志铭》，叹其文章"凌厉奇卓，出于天才"。
The Life Journey of Chao Buzhi of the Su School
Chao Buzhi (1053-1110), courtesy name Wujiu, art name Guilaizi, of Juye, was one of the Four Scholars of the Su School. Presented to Su Shi at Hangzhou with his rhapsody on Qiantang — the master said he could put down his brush — he wrote ci of heroic breadth between the bold and the graceful, and left the Chicken-Rib Collection and the Chao Family Qin Pieces.
Timeline of the Journey
- 1053 · 巨野 — Born to the great Chao clan of Juye — a house of office for generations; composing at seven, a prodigy by thirteen.
- 1072 · 杭州 — Presenting his rhapsody on Qiantang to Su Shi, who marvelled — 'now I may put down my brush' — and took him as disciple.
- 1079 · 开封 — A jinshi of 1079 — the year of the Crow Terrace case; his master imprisoned, his own road hardening under him, his faith unshaken.
- 1086 · 开封 — Recalled under the Yuanyou regency to the Palace Library, years of wine and poems with Su Shi in the capital again.
- 1094 · 齐州 — Purged with the Su faction, Prefect of Qizhou — still dredging rivers and feeding the famine poor, and writing of Daming Lake.
- 1095 · 信州 — Stripped of rank, supervisor of the wine tax at Xinzhou: on the Yu Xi river the 'Lost-God Prelude' — 'I rue the scholar's cap that misled me.'
- 1102 · 金乡 — Carved onto the Yuanyou Partisans' Stele and stripped of every post — retired to Jinxiang, the 'Return Garden' built after Tao Yuanming's ode, willows planted, the Chicken-Rib Collection compiled.
- 1110 · 泗州 — Governor of Sizhou at last: the mid-autumn 'Song of the Immortal's Cave' his final lyric, death in the official residence at fifty-eight — Zhang Lei's epitaph: "a force of genius itself, not the work of cultivation."
'I bought a pond-side acre, and planted it with willows.' Between the bold and the graceful, Chao Buzhi's ci opened ground the later masters walked; his life was the Su School's fate in miniature — brilliance, exile, and a garden at the end.
与其仰望诗人的背影，不如亲自“走”一遍他们的路——宋词.中国「行迹漫游」让你化身马上行人，沿李白、杜甫、苏轼等57位诗人的真实迁徙路线策马而行：每过一站，触发一篇该地系年诗作；入夜之后，更有灯笼满城的诗意夜景。长安的城垣、夔门的江涛、黄州的赤壁，皆非示意图，而是诗人真实踏过的山河。行迹数据依诗人年谱与正史传记交叉考订，每站标注年号纪年与系年诗作，寓学于游。
