邵雍的一生行迹(1011-1077)
邵雍(1011-1077),字尧夫,谥康节,范阳(今河北涿州)人,后居洛阳,北宋著名理学家、象数之学大家。他创立"先天学",以《皇极经世》构建宇宙历史体系,与周敦颐、张载、程颢、程颐并称"北宋五子"。其《伊川击壤集》存诗三千余首,以诗明理,独树一帜。
范阳(1011) · 范阳少年
宋真宗大中祥符四年(1011年),邵雍出生于范阳(今河北涿州)。其父邵古为隐士,不乐仕进,家贫好学。邵雍自幼随父读书,天资聪颖,过目不忘。少年时代便立志探求天地之道,不慕荣利。
百源(1030) · 百源悟道
宋仁宗天圣八年(1030年),邵雍随父迁居百源(今河南巩义苏门山百源)。在此他刻苦自学,"冬不炉,夏不扇",数年不下山。他在百源深悟易理,创立了独特的"先天学"体系,百源因此成为其学派名称。
洛阳(1049) · 洛阳安乐
宋仁宗皇祐元年(1049年),邵雍迁居洛阳,此后在洛阳居住近三十年。初到洛阳时家徒四壁,但他安贫乐道,不改其志。富弼、司马光等名臣敬其为人,为之购置宅园。邵雍将居所命名为"安乐窝",自号安乐先生,以诗酒自娱。
洛阳(与司马光交游)(1060) · 洛阳安乐
宋仁宗嘉祐五年(1060年),邵雍与司马光在洛阳结为挚友。司马光时居洛阳编修《资治通鉴》,二人常在一起论学品诗。司马光尊邵雍为兄,对其学问极为敬服。两人的友谊成为北宋文坛的佳话。
洛阳(先天之学)(1065) · 先天之学
宋英宗治平二年(1065年),邵雍在洛阳完成其代表作《皇极经世》。此书以先天象数构建宇宙历史体系,从天地开辟到人类文明,全部纳入其数学框架。邵雍的"先天之学"独辟蹊径,与周敦颐的"太极"、张载的"气学"并列为北宋理学的三大体系。
洛阳(王安石变法)(1070) · 先天之学
宋神宗熙宁三年(1070年),王安石推行新法,天下骚动。邵雍虽隐居洛阳不涉政治,但对新法之弊深感忧虑。他的许多友人因反对新法而被贬,司马光退居洛阳编修《资治通鉴》。邵雍虽不公开批评新法,但在诗文中隐含不满。
洛阳(诗学成就)(1073) · 康节千古
宋神宗熙宁六年(1073年),邵雍整理毕生诗作为《伊川击壤集》,存诗三千余首。他以诗明理,开创了独特的"理学诗"传统,将深奥的哲理融入浅近的诗句中,读来明白如话而意味深长。其诗风平易自然,与同时代江西诗派的雕琢形成鲜明对比。
洛阳(病逝)(1077) · 康节千古
宋神宗熙宁十年(1077年),邵雍病逝于洛阳安乐窝,享年六十七岁。临终前,他对守在身边的司马光等人说:"吾道远矣,诸君勉之。"朝廷追谥康节,从祀孔庙。他一生安贫乐道,以先天之学和击壤之诗名垂青史,与周敦颐、张载、二程并称"北宋五子"。
The Life Journey of Shao Yong, the Happy Sage of Luoyang
Shao Yong (1011-1077), of Fanyang, was the happiest man in the Song — and one of its strangest minds. Self-taught at Baiyuan ('no stove in winter, no fan in summer'), he built the 'Prior Heaven' cosmology: a complete numerical model of cosmic history, set out in the Huangji Jingshi. In Luoyang, where Fu Bi and Sima Guang bought him a house, he named his cottage the 'Nest of Peace and Joy' and wrote three thousand plain-spoken philosophical poems — the 'Strike-the-Earth' collection: cheerfulness as metaphysics.
Timeline of the Journey
- 1011 · Fanyang — Born to a hermit father who would not serve: the boy who read everything and remembered it all, already set on 'the way of heaven and earth' instead of rank.
- 1030 · Baiyuan — The move to Baiyuan by Mount Sumen: years on the mountain without coming down — 'no stove in winter, no fan in summer' — the Yijing rethought from the ground up, the 'Prior Heaven' diagrams drawn.
- 1049 · Luoyang — To Luoyang for the last thirty years: first in rooms with bare walls, then — as the great men of the age, Fu Bi and Sima Guang, came to honor him — a cottage bought by friends and named the 'Nest of Peace and Joy.'
- 1060 · Luoyang — The friendship with Sima Guang, next door writing the Comprehensive Mirror: the two men argued heaven and poetics by the garden wall, Sima Guang calling him elder brother.
- 1065 · Luoyang — The Huangji Jingshi complete: cosmology as arithmetic — the cycles of heaven mapped to the dynasties of men, the boldest system the Song dared to build.
- 1070 · Luoyang — The reform storm passes him by: friends dismissed, Sima Guang retired to his history — Shao Yong silent in public, grieving in private letters, keeping the Nest out of politics.
- 1073 · Luoyang — The Strike-the-Earth Collection gathered: three thousand poems of philosophy in nursery rhyme — 'why not be happy' as a completed system, the first great 'learning-poetry' in Chinese.
- 1077 · Luoyang — Dead at sixty-seven in the Nest, his friends at the bedside: 'My way is long — encourage one another, gentlemen.' Canonized 'Kangjie,' given a place in the Confucian temple.
'The heart, when not yet issued, is called peace; when it has issued and is in due measure, harmony.' The Song's sunniest sage numbered the cosmos and still had time to enjoy it — Shao Yong died mid-greeting, at peace.