曾几的一生行迹（1084-1166）
曾几，字吉甫，号茶山居士，赣州（今江西赣县）人，南宋诗人。师从吕本中，为江西诗派后劲，又是陆游的老师。诗风轻快活泼，清新自然，对陆游影响甚大。著有《茶山集》，其"活法"诗论对南宋诗坛影响深远。
赣州（1084） · 赣州少时
宋神宗元丰七年，曾几出生于赣州赣县，其家为儒学世家。曾几自幼聪敏好学，少年时即以文章知名。他在赣州的山水间成长，对自然有着深厚的感情，这对他后来清新自然的诗风产生了重要影响。
开封（1106） · 师从吕本中
宋徽宗崇宁五年前后，曾几入京求学，拜吕本中为师，学习江西诗派的创作方法。吕本中对他极为器重，将"活法"理论倾囊相授。曾几的诗歌创作从此进入新境界，由平淡趋向精工而不失自然。
临安（1127） · 靖康南渡
宋高宗建炎元年，北宋灭亡，曾几随朝廷南渡。他在南渡途中写下了许多反映战乱现实的诗作。到临安后，他被任命为广西转运判官，但不久因反对和议被贬。
临安（1145） · 教授陆游
宋高宗绍兴十五年前后，少年陆游拜曾几为师。曾几对陆游极为器重，将自己的诗学理论和爱国思想毫无保留地传授给他。陆游后来成为南宋最伟大的诗人，其诗风深受曾几影响。
衢州（1150） · 茶山著述
宋高宗绍兴二十年前后，曾几游历衢州三衢山，沿途饱览江南初夏风光，写下了传世名作《三衢道中》。诗中"梅子黄时日日晴，小溪泛尽却山行"轻快自然，被誉为"活法"诗的典范之作。
临安（1155） · 茶山著述
宋高宗绍兴二十五年，曾几在临安茶山筑室而居，自号"茶山居士"。他在茶山中读书著述，过起了半隐居的生活。此间他完成了《茶山集》中的重要篇章，诗风愈发清新自然，达到了"活法"的成熟境界。
临安（1162） · 茶山著述
宋孝宗绍兴三十二年，曾几虽然年近八旬，但仍精神矍铄，继续在茶山著述。他在此期间完成了《茶山集》的编撰，并将毕生的诗学理论整理成文，留给后世。他还经常接待来访的年轻诗人，传授诗艺。
临安（1166） · 茶山著述
宋孝宗乾道二年，曾几病逝于临安，享年八十三岁。他一生诗风清新自然，将江西诗派的"活法"理论推向了新的高度。陆游为其撰写墓志铭，称其"文章为一代之师表"。曾几的诗学经由陆游发扬光大，对南宋诗坛产生了深远影响。
The Life Journey of Zeng Ji, Teacher of Lu You
Zeng Ji (1084-1166), courtesy name Jifu, art name Chashan Jushi, of Ganzhou, was the late master of the Jiangxi School and the teacher of Lu You. His light, fresh poetry and his theory of the "living method" reshaped the Southern Song — the Chashan Collection survives.
Timeline of the Journey
- 1084 · 赣州 — Born to a scholarly family in Ganzhou; the hills and waters of Jiangxi seeded his lifelong love of nature.
- 1106 · 开封 — Studying in Kaifeng under Lü Benzhong, he received the whole of the "living method" — precision that never loses the natural.
- 1127 · 临安 — Crossing south with the court at the fall of the North, he wrote the poems of exile and grief, and was demoted for opposing the peace.
- 1145 · 临安 — Taking the young Lu You as pupil, he gave him his whole art and his patriotism — 'your talent shall be the light of our way.'
- 1150 · 衢州 — On the Sanqu road in plum-yellowing June he wrote the immortal 'On the Way through Sanqu' — the model of the living method.
- 1155 · 临安 — Building his hut on Tea Mountain and taking its name, he wrote half his collected poems there.
- 1162 · 临安 — Near eighty and still strong, he finished the Chashan Collection and taught the young poets who came to his door.
- 1166 · 临安 — Died in Lin'an at eighty-three; Lu You wrote his epitaph — "a teacher to an age."
'Plum-yellowing days, day after day clear; the little stream ends, and I walk the hills.' Zeng Ji taught the Southern Song that rules could live; through Lu You his living method ran on into the greatest poetry of the age.
