陈与义的一生行迹（1090-1138）
陈与义，字去非，号简斋，洛阳人，南北宋之际著名诗人。诗学杜甫，沉郁顿挫，又自成一家，在江西诗派中独树一帜。靖康之变后南渡，诗风由清丽转为沉雄悲壮。官至参知政事，著有《简斋集》《无住词》。
洛阳（1090） · 洛阳少时
宋哲宗元祐五年，陈与义出生于洛阳，其家为书香门第，曾祖陈希亮亦为名臣。陈与义自幼聪慧，在洛阳的文化氛围中成长，少年时即以诗文知名。洛阳为北宋西京，文化积淀深厚，对他日后的诗歌创作影响深远。
开封（1113） · 太学及第
宋徽宗政和三年，陈与义以太学上舍生及第，授开德府教授。他在太学期间便以诗文才华著称，所作《墨梅》诗中有"含情欲说独无处，传与一枝春到门"之句，传诵一时，连徽宗亦有所闻。
襄阳（1125） · 地方任职
宋徽宗宣和七年，陈与义谪监陈留酒税，后转任襄阳府司录参军。在地方任职期间，他广交文士，诗歌创作日益精进。此间他的诗风清丽雅致，多写自然山水与闲适情怀，尚未经历人生大变，作品中还带着太平年间的从容。
邓州（1126） · 靖康南渡
宋钦宗靖康元年，金兵南侵，汴京危急。陈与义时在邓州，闻京师被困，忧心如焚。他目睹了金兵铁蹄下的中原大地满目疮痍，开始了一段漫长而艰辛的南逃之路。从此他的人生和诗风都发生了根本性的转变。
岳阳（1128） · 靖康南渡
宋高宗建炎二年，陈与义辗转至岳阳，登上岳阳楼，远眺洞庭湖。面对浩渺湖水，他想起杜甫"昔闻洞庭水，今上岳阳楼"之句，不禁感慨万千。他在岳阳楼写下了《巴丘书事》等诗作，诗风已由清丽转为沉雄，字里行间满是家国之痛。
临安（1131） · 朝廷重臣
宋高宗绍兴元年，陈与义辗转抵达临安，被任命为中书舍人，从此进入朝廷中枢。他历经四年流离终于安定下来，在朝中以其文学才能和忠直品格深受高宗信任，逐渐升迁，参与朝政决策。
临安（1135） · 朝廷重臣
宋高宗绍兴五年，陈与义升任参知政事，位列执政。他为官清廉正直，在朝中力主抗金，与主和派多次交锋。然而朝廷偏安之势已成，他的主张难以实现。他在执政之余仍不废吟咏，诗文中充满了壮志未酬的感慨。
临安（1138） · 朝廷重臣
宋高宗绍兴八年，陈与义病逝于临安，享年四十九岁。他一生经历了从太平到乱世、从北到南的巨大变迁，诗风也因此经历了深刻的变化。后人评价他"诗学杜陵，而自成一家"，在宋代诗坛上占有重要地位，与黄庭坚、陈师道并称江西诗派三宗。
The Life Journey of Chen Yuyi, Poet of the Song Transition
Chen Yuyi (1090-1138), courtesy name Qufei, art name Jianzhai, of Luoyang, was the finest poet of the Song transition. Trained on Du Fu, graceful in peacetime, he fled south after the Jin invasion and his style deepened into the sombre and heroic; he rose to Executive of the Bureau of Military Affairs. His Jianzhai Collected Works and Wuzhu Ci survive.
Timeline of the Journey
- 1090 · 洛阳 — Born to a scholar-official family in Luoyang, the Western Capital's deep culture forming him from childhood.
- 1113 · 开封 — Passed at the head of his class from the Imperial Academy; his 'Ink Plum' lines reached even Emperor Huizong's ear.
- 1125 · 襄阳 — Serving in the provinces, his verse was still the graceful, unhurried work of a poet of the long peace.
- 1126 · 邓州 — The Jin armies came; from Dengzhou he watched the Central Plains trampled, beginning years of flight that remade him and his poetry.
- 1128 · 岳阳 — On Yueyang Tower over Dongting Lake he thought of Du Fu's lines, and his own voice turned from limpid to grave and strong.
- 1131 · 临安 — Reaching Lin'an after four years of wandering, he entered the Secretariat and the emperor's trust.
- 1135 · 临安 — Raised to Executive of the Bureau of Military Affairs, he argued for the war party in vain while the court settled for the South.
- 1138 · 临安 — Died at forty-nine — 'twenty years like one dream; that this body still stands is itself a shock.'
'Twenty years like one dream.' No Song poet recorded the fall of the North and the pain of the crossing more truly than Chen Yuyi; with Huang Tingjian and Chen Shidao he ranks as one of the three masters of the Jiangxi lineage.
