高观国的一生行迹(约1150-约1220)
高观国(约1150-约1220),字宾王,号竹屋,山阴(今浙江绍兴)人,南宋婉约派词人。与史达祖交好,词风相近,并称"高史"。其词工于炼字琢句,清丽精工,为姜夔一派的追随者。有《竹屋痴语》传世。
绍兴(1150) · 山阴少年
约宋高宗绍兴二十年(1150年),高观国出生于山阴(今浙江绍兴)。绍兴为南宋文化重镇,王羲之兰亭、陆游故里皆在此地。高观国少年时代受浙东文化熏陶,博览群书,尤喜词章,弱冠之年便以词名闻于乡里。
临安(1175) · 临安词客
约宋孝宗淳熙二年(1175年),高观国来到临安,在杭州文坛崭露头角。他与史达祖相识于此时,两人一见如故,从此结为挚友,词风相近,被并称为"高史"。在临安期间,他与姜夔等名流交游,词艺日精。
杭州(1185) · 竹屋痴语
约宋孝宗淳熙十二年(1185年),高观国在杭州创作了大量词作,词艺达到巅峰。他以咏物词见长,尤善写花木虫鸟,笔法精巧细腻。其词集《竹屋痴语》中的作品多为这一时期所作。
苏州(1190) · 竹屋痴语
约宋孝宗淳熙十七年(1190年),高观国游历苏州,在太湖之畔流连忘返。苏州的园林山水给他留下了深刻印象,他在苏州创作了多首以江南风光为题材的词作,词风更加清丽婉约。
临安(与史达祖唱和)(1195) · 高史齐名
约宋宁宗庆元元年(1195年),高观国与史达祖在临安频繁唱和,两人以同一词调互相酬答,词艺互相砥砺。这一时期是"高史"并称的黄金时代,他们的词作在杭州文坛广为传诵。
绍兴(归隐)(1210) · 晚年归隐
约宋宁宗嘉定三年(1210年),高观国回到故乡绍兴隐居,自号竹屋。他在鉴湖边筑屋而居,以诗酒自遣。晚年词风更加冲淡平和,但仍有不减当年的精妙笔法。
杭州(终老)(1220) · 晚年归隐
约宋宁宗嘉定十三年(1220年),高观国在杭州去世,享年约七十岁。他一生以词为业,与史达祖并称"高史",为南宋婉约词的重要代表。其《竹屋痴语》存词百余首,以清丽精工著称于世。
绍兴(精神故乡)(1220) · 晚年归隐
高观国一生虽在杭州度过大量时光,但绍兴始终是他的精神故乡。鉴湖烟波、兰亭修竹、禹陵古柏,这些绍兴的风物在他的词中反复出现,成为他词作中最深沉的文化底色。后人以其故乡绍兴作为其精神归宿。
The Life Journey of Gao Guanguo of the Bamboo Hut
Gao Guanguo (c. 1150-c. 1220), styled Binwang, of Shanyin (Shaoxing), was the Southern Song lyricist of the Bamboo Hut. Twin and friend of Shi Dazu — 'Gao and Shi' the capital said of them — he polished the craft of the Jiang Kui line into his 'Bamboo Hut's Idle Words,' a hundred-plus ci of chiseled, quiet beauty.
Timeline of the Journey
- 1150 · 绍兴 — Born in Shanyin, old ground of the Orchid Pavilion; steeped in east-Zhejiang letters, he was writing ci before twenty.
- 1175 · 临安 — To Lin'an and the capital's circles: he met Shi Dazu, the friendship and rivalry of a lifetime; Jiang Kui's influence everywhere.
- 1185 · 杭州 — The high noon of his craft in Hangzhou — the flower-and-bird objets, the narcissus on a golden plate, word-carving of the first order.
- 1190 · 苏州 — Wandering the gardens and waters of Suzhou by Taihu; the Jiangnan landscape softened the chisel into limpidity.
- 1195 · 临安 — The golden years of 'Gao and Shi': answering each other tune for tune in the capital, two craftsmen at white heat.
- 1210 · 绍兴 — Home to Shaoxing and Mirror Lake, the hut among bamboo, wine and verses — style gone mild without losing its edge.
- 1220 · 杭州 — Died at about seventy in Hangzhou; the 'Bamboo Hut's Idle Words' a hundred ci strong, remembered beside Shi Dazu's.
- 1220 · 绍兴 — His true country remained Shanyin — Mirror Lake, the Orchid Pavilion pines, the Yu Mausoleum cypresses, the bass note under all his words.
'Spring comes to the river-plums first, and yet is loath to cross.' Gao Guanguo chose the small perfect thing — a narcissus, a spring on plum branches — and made a whole school of restraint audible.